Turkey, Bulgaria, and Romania sign deal to clear floating Black Sea mines. Ukraine\u2019s GDP rose at more than a five per cent pace in 2023, the central bank says. Russia is likely preparing a possible false-flag operation against Moldova, ISW says. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Turkey, Bulgaria and Romania on Thursday signed an agreement to jointly tackle drifting sea mines that have threatened Black Sea shipping since the start of Russia\u2019s war on Ukraine. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Turkish Defense Minister Yasar Guler said the agreement establishes a Mine Countermeasures Task Group among the three NATO allies to deal with the mines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cWe jointly decided to sign a protocol between three countries in order to fight more effectively against the mine danger in the Black Sea by improving our existing close cooperation and coordination,\u201d Guler said at a news conference in Istanbul with Romanian Defense Minister Angel Tilvar and Bulgarian Deputy Defense Minister Atanas Zapryanov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Guler suggested that other countries could participate in mine-clearing after the war ends.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The initiative aims to make shipping safer, including for vessels transporting grain from Ukraine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The signing of the agreement will be followed by an operational planning process to develop detailed documents and instructions for the group\u2019s actions in every respect. This process can take up to several months, Euractiv said, citing Bulgaria\u2019s Defense Ministry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mines began floating in the Black Sea after Russia invaded Ukraine, and Romanian, Bulgarian and Turkish military diving teams have been defusing those drifting in their waters. In October, reports surfaced that Turkey, Romania and Bulgaria are discussing the creation of a joint force to clear any mines that drift into their waters from Russia\u2019s war against Ukraine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The move is not considered a NATO operation, but it marks the first joint action of Black Sea allies since Russia\u2019s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Russia is likely setting information conditions for a possible false-flag operation against Moldova and is using actors in Transnistria to achieve that, the Institute for the Study of War (ISW) said in a recent report. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
The Kremlin may be instructing actors in the Russian-backed breakaway republic of Transnistria to set information conditions for a possible false-flag operation in Transnistria as part of wider Kremlin efforts to destabilize Moldova. The Transnistrian Ministry of State Security (MGB) issued a press release on January 10 claiming that an \u201cincident\u201d occurred on January 7 during which \u201ctwo Transnistrian citizens were transferred to the territory of Ukraine\u201d but that authorities are clarifying the circumstances of the \u201cincident.\u201d [The Ukrainian Border Guard Service said they were unaware of the \u201cincident,\u201d according to The New Voice of Ukraine.] The MGB is a Russian-dominated organization that is commonly understood to be a \u201cdepartment of the Russian FSB (Federal Security Service)\u201d that likely takes orders directly from Moscow. Kremlin newswire TASS published an interview with Transnistrian President Vadim Krasnoselsky on January 9 wherein he claimed that Moldova\u2019s \u201cmilitarization\u201d threatens Transnistria, blamed Moldova for halting negotiations with Transnistria, and emphasized Transnistria\u2019s \u201cextensive\u201d cooperation agreements with Russia. Krasnoselsky\u2019s interview was likely part of efforts to set information conditions aimed at destabilizing Moldova and justifying any future Russian campaigns in the region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The Kremlin may attempt to use false flag operations in Transnistria as an effort to claim that Russia must protect ethnic Russians and Russian-speakers. The Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) stated on January 10 that it summoned the Moldovan Ambassador to Russia to protest Moldova\u2019s \u201cunfriendly actions,\u201d including the \u201cpolitically motivated persecution of Russian and Russian-language media\u201d and \u201ccases of discrimination against Russian citizens entering Moldova.\u201d The Russian MFA threateningly stated that if such actions continue, \u201cthe Russian side reserves the right to take additional retaliatory measures.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n
The Russian MFA also claimed that there are media reports that Moldova plans to assist NATO in training Ukrainian forces on Moldovan territory, which would amount to Moldova\u2019s \u201cdirect involvement\u201d in hostilities on the side of Ukraine. Kremlin officials have recently intensified references to \u201ccompatriots abroad\u201d and the \u201cRussian World\u201d (Russkiy Mir), concepts that Russia often uses to justify its right to defend ethnic Russians and Russian-speakers beyond its borders. Russia notably used similar justifications when it militarily intervened on behalf of separatist Transnistria in 1992, the report reads.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ukraine\u2019s 2023 gross domestic product likely rose at a more than five per cent rate, up from 4.9 per cent that the National Bank said it expected in October, Deputy Head of the National Bank, Serhiy Nikolaychuk said in an interview with Interfax Ukraine. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
He said 2023 forecasts of GDP and inflation improved quarterly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cIt is quite an unusual situation. Normally, as economic forecasts improve and economic activity rises, there is a bigger pressure on prices and the rise of inflation. At the same time, there were demand shocks, positive ones,\u201d Nikolaychuk said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A good harvest of grain, vegetables and fruit had a positive effect on the GDP and inflation, he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cIn the beginning of the year, grain forecast was at 45.6 million tons. We are at almost 60 now. Ukrainian agricultural industry\u2019s ability to adapt [to war-time challenges], logistical routes and favorable weather conditions played their part,\u201d Nikolaychuk said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Access to electricity had a positive effect on both economic activity and inflation. The central bank forecast international assistance at USD 38.6 billion, while it actually amounted to USD 43 billion at the end of the year, allowing to cover a larger portion of the budget deficit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Domestic borrowing has been bigger than predicted, Nikolaychuk said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n