{"id":65411,"date":"2017-01-05T15:50:30","date_gmt":"2017-01-05T15:50:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/uacrisis.org\/?p=51378"},"modified":"2017-01-16T13:57:55","modified_gmt":"2017-01-16T11:57:55","slug":"51378-russian-involvement-donbas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uacrisis.org\/en\/51378-russian-involvement-donbas","title":{"rendered":"Russian involvement in Ukraine\u2019s Donbas &#8220;republics&#8221;: 10 things you should know"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Despite Russia denials of their direct involvement into the secessionist &#8220;Donetsk People&#8217;s Republic&#8221; (DPR) and &#8220;Luhansk People&#8217;s Republic&#8221; (LPR), there is an increasing volume of evidence available that shows these denials to be simply false. Here are ten key things to know about Russian involvement in Ukraine\u2019s eastern territories.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong><strong>Some former \/ current\u00a0leaders of \u201cDPR\u201d\/\u201dLPR\u201d are Russian citizens.<\/strong><\/strong>Some of the warlords of the so-called &#8220;Donetsk People&#8217;s Republic&#8221; (DPR) and &#8220;Luhansk People&#8217;s Republic&#8221; (LPR) come from Russia and had absolutely no ties to the Donbas region prior to the start of the conflict there. For example, one of the key actors of the early periods of &#8220;Donetsk People&#8217;s Republic&#8221;\u00a0Igor Girkin (also known as Strelkov) is actually a former FSB military intelligence agent from Moscow and a Russian citizen. Fighters with the nicknames Motorola, Bezler, Babai\u00a0are among a large number of individuals who are or have been associated with the &#8220;DPR&#8221;\/&#8221;LPR&#8221; and are also Russian citizens.\u00a0Another Russian connection is\u00a0Alexander Kazakov, who is an image and PR consultant to the \u201cDPR\u201d and the previously unknown \u201cleader\u201d of that unrecognized entity, \u00a0Alexander Zakharchenko. Even though there are\u00a0locals\u00a0in the armies and institutions of the so-called \u201crepublics,\u201d\u00a0few of them have leadership roles or any decision-making capacity.<\/li>\n<li><strong><strong>Donbas separatists receive significant military support from Russia.<\/strong><\/strong>A\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/en\/database-russian-weaponry-donbas\/\">study<\/a>\u00a0by an international volunteer community\u00a0called \u201cInformNapalm\u201d\u00a0and dated 17th September 2016 shows that 31 weapons systems identified in Donbas entered service with the Russian military between 2004 and 2015 and have never been produced in or sold to Ukraine \u2014 this study was presented at meeting of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe. Another\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/euromaidanpress.com\/2016\/11\/23\/the-75-russian-military-units-at-war-in-ukraine\/#arvlbdata\">report<\/a>\u00a0by\u00a0InformNapalm\u00a0focused on Russian troops in Eastern Ukraine and it identifies 75 regular Russian military units involved in the war in Donbas. This report was presented at the NATO Parliamentary Assembly in Istanbul on 19th November.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Numerous international media produced reports about Russia\u2019s involvement in the war.\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.france24.com\/en\/20161014-video-reporters-donetsk-dependent-republic-russia-ukraine-weapons\">One of the most recent<\/a>\u00a0reports from the self-declared \u201cRepublics\u201d in eastern Ukraine was produced by\u00a0France 24. French journalists reported that the militants receive ammunition\u00a0and equipment from Russia;\u00a0they are being trained by Russian instructors; receive necessary funding from Russia, as well as humanitarian help (something which is often used as a cover for the rotation of troops).<\/li>\n<li><strong><strong>The economies of the \u201crepublics\u201d depend heavily on Russian money.<\/strong><\/strong>Bild\u00a0journalist Julian R\u00f6pcke from Germany produced another piece of comprehensive\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bild.de\/politik\/ausland\/ukraine-konflikt\/russia-finances-donbass-44151166.bild.html\">research<\/a>. By analyzing the economics of Donbas secessionist &#8220;republics&#8221; he showed the extent to which\u00a0Russia finances the \u201cDPR\u201d\/\u201dLPR\u201d,\u00a0because they simply cannot survive without external financing. R\u00f6pcke\u00a0has also traced how\u00a0Russia channeled money to the \u201crepublics\u201d primarily through banks in the Georgian region of Abkhazia, another self-declared \u201csecessionist\u201d territory which has been under Russian de facto control since the early 1990s, which was formally recognized by Russia as a state after the Russo-Georgian war of 2008.Mr. R\u00f6pcke\u2019s investigation also concluded that \u201cheavily guarded trains\u201d bring \u201ctons of bank notes and coins\u201d into Ukraine, with the key rail arrival points being the important distribution points of Ilovayivsk and Debaltseve. The names of these specific places are well known to any person who has taken an interest in the conflict in Ukraine as fierce battles were fought for both cities.\n<p>In both cases it is well recorded that regular Russian military units participated in the battles, in the case of Ilovaivsk (link: <a href=\"http:\/\/europe.newsweek.com\/battle-ilovaisk-details-massacre-inside-rebel-held-eastern-ukraine-282003?rm=eu\">http:\/\/europe.newsweek.com\/battle-ilovaisk-details-massacre-inside-rebel-held-eastern-ukraine-282003?rm=eu<\/a>) Russia\u2019s heaviest (at that time) incursion into Ukrainian territory happened shortly before the first Minsk Peace Agreement was signed. In the case of Debaltseve (Link: <a href=\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/en\/5th-tank-brigade-russian-army-battle-debaltseve\/\">https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/en\/5th-tank-brigade-russian-army-battle-debaltseve\/<\/a>) this city was being fought over at the time of the signing of the second Minsk Agreement, the first point of which allowed for a 72 hour window before a ceasefire should commence \u2013 presumably how long Russian military planners expected they would need to take this rail hub city. When Debaltseve had not fallen within the stipulated 72 period the Minsk II mandated ceasefire was ignored and the battle to take this city continued for a further week.<\/p>\n<p>The Bild report estimated that\u00a0Russia spends \u20ac79.1 millon per month to pay salaries in the republics.<\/li>\n<li><strong><strong>Reputable think tanks\u00a0have also presented proof of Russia\u2019s involvement.<\/strong><\/strong>The Atlantic Council, a well-known American think-tank\u00a0published a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.atlanticcouncil.org\/publications\/reports\/hiding-in-plain-sight-putin-s-war-in-ukraine-and-boris-nemtsov-s-putin-war\">study<\/a> on\u00a0Russian role in the life of Donbas \u201crepublics.\u201d The presentation of this study begins:\u00a0\u201cRussia is at war with Ukraine. Russian citizens and\u00a0soldiers are fighting and dying in a war of their government&#8217;s own making. Russian President Vladimir Putin continues to deny Russian involvement in the fighting, but the\u00a0evidence is overwhelming and indisputable,\u201d this study was published on October 15th 2015. Russia\u2019s denails of military involvement in Ukraine have not been plausible at least since then.It is worth noting that the Atlantic Council report was released simultaneously with a report titled \u201cPuntin.War.\u201d (link: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.4freerussia.org\/putin.war\/\">http:\/\/www.4freerussia.org\/putin.war\/<\/a>) which was the brainchild of Russian opposition figure Boris Nemtsov, who was shot dead in Moscow shortly after he began collecting material for the report.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kremlin figures are true masters of the &#8220;republics&#8221;.<\/strong>On 25th October 2016, the Atlantic Council&#8217;s Digital Forensic Research Lab\u00a0shared a comprehensive\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/dfrlab\/breaking-down-the-surkov-leaks-b2feec1423cb#.wpjaghc0f\">analysis<\/a>\u00a0of a wealth of hacked Email communication that was dubbed the\u00a0#SurkovLeaks.\u00a0Vladislav Surkov is undoubtedly one of the most influential individuals in Putin\u2019s inner circle, and the leaked communication demonstrate that he is the Kremlin point-man for Russia\u2019s management not only for\u00a0\u201cDPR\u201d\/\u201dLPR,\u201d\u00a0but also is involved in the management of the self-proclaimed break away\/frozen conflict Georgian regions of South Ossetia and Abkhazia. The Email accounts of Surkov\u2019s two assistants were hacked by a Ukrainian hacker group called\u00a0\u201cCyber Junta,\u201d\u00a0and the resulting picture of his involvement in the Donbas war is quite conclusive. According to other media reports based on the #SurkovLeaks Denis Pushilin, one of the \u201cDPR\u201d leaders, is completely dependent on and subordinate to Surkov.Besides, Russia takes part in Minsk negotiations instead of separatists, who have little to no say. All key negotiations effectively happen within the \u201cNormandy Four\u201d format of meetings, therefore Russian representatives are the only voice of the secessionist \u201crepublics\u201d in these talks. At the front line Russians are also speaking for the militants. Ukrainian TV channel Hromadske <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=65mpLUGNlqc\">held interviews<\/a> with Ukrainian and Russian generals\u2014and they both confirmed they negotiate between themselves.<\/li>\n<li><strong>More detailed evidence of cross border shelling in the summer of 2014 is emerging.\u00a0<\/strong>Bellingcat\u2019s\u00a0latest\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bellingcat.com\/news\/uk-and-europe\/2016\/12\/21\/russian-artillery-strikes-against-ukraine\/\">report<\/a>,\u00a0published 21st December 2016, is dedicated to Russian artillery strikes against Ukrainian troops, which took place in the early stages of the conflict. The report shows a very large number of firing positions inside Russia, as well as documenting the target sites inside of Ukraine. \u201cThousands of artillery projectiles were fired by the Russian military on targets inside Ukraine in the summer of 2014,\u201d the report reads. An analysis of maps of the conflict zone clearly shows that Ukraine\u2019s army had significant momentum and was retaking many previously-occupied towns and cities in the period before these artillery attacks. The area where the attacks occurred is part of what is today a 400km stretch of open and unmonitored border between Russia and Ukraine.<\/li>\n<li><strong><strong>Russia is alleged to have used force to kill \u201cDPR\u201d\/\u201dLPR\u201d militants who have become an inconvenience.<\/strong><\/strong>One of the most recent examples is\u00a0Arseny Pavlov, a Russian citizen\u00a0who was known as\u00a0Motorola.\u00a0The respected British newspaper\u00a0The Guardian carried an article saying that Pavlov was \u201ckilled as result of either an internal feud or\u00a0Russia removing \u2018inconvenient\u2019 separatist leaders\u00a0in the field.\u201d According to the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2016\/oct\/17\/prominent-warlord-arsen-motorola-pavlov-killed-donetsk-blast\">article<\/a>, the leadership of the \u201cDPR\/LPR\u201d \u201ccoordinates its actions with handlers in Moscow, who finance and control the political landscape in the self-declared republics, despite claims to the contrary.\u201d It would appear that those who refuse to follow the rules set by Moscow are being replaced by more obedient individuals. There were three other similar cases during the last six months:\u00a0Alexander Bushuev, Alexander Nemogay and Alexander Osipov\u00a0were reportedly killed due to their disobedience or growing personal authority.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The awful MH-17 catastrophe also proves that Russia has been acting in Donbas since early days of war.<br \/>\n<\/strong><br \/>\nThe Bellingcat investigative group <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bellingcat.com\/news\/uk-and-europe\/2016\/09\/30\/revelations-confirmations-mh17-jit-press-conference\/\">claimed<\/a> on 30th September 2016 that the\u00a0responsibility for sending the Buk missile launcher\u00a0used to down the MH-17 flight ultimately rests with the\u00a0command of the Russian military, who had sanctioned the deployment of that missile system into Ukraine. Bellingcat first published an\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bellingcat.com\/news\/uk-and-europe\/2014\/11\/08\/origin-of-the-separatists-buk-a-bellingcat-investigation\/\">investigation<\/a>\u00a0relating to the shooting down of MH17 on 8th November 2014, and even in those early days it was abundantly clear that the missile launcher came from Russia. Those early findings have since been corroborated by the criminal investigation of the Dutch-led Joint Investigation Team, who have confirmed that the MH-17 airplane was downed by a BUK missile coming from Russia. &#8220;The system was transported from Russian territory into eastern Ukraine&#8221; and a short time later transported back to Russia,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.om.nl\/onderwerpen\/mh17-crash\/@96068\/jit-flight-mh17-shot\/\">the report says<\/a> unambiguously.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Russia\u2019s war dead. \u201cCargo 200\u201d<\/strong>Despite stipulations in the Minsk Agreements, the OSCE\u2019s Special Monitoring Mission in Ukraine is only permitted by Russia to monitor two small spots on the internationally recognised border between Ukraine and Russia. Despite this limitation they are still able to report on vehicle activity at the border check points and it is a regular side note that there is a regular flow of vehicles from Ukraine into Russia carrying the words \u201cCargo 200\u201d which is a Russian military code indicating that the vehicle carries dead bodies. Almost every weekly update from the OSCE mentions this observation.The exact number of Russian war dead from Ukraine is not known, people trying to investigate the deaths of paratroopers from the city of Pskov have been intimidated (link: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/jan\/19\/russia-official-silence-for-families-troops-killed-in-ukraine\">https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2015\/jan\/19\/russia-official-silence-for-families-troops-killed-in-ukraine<\/a>) and threatened (Link: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-28949582\">http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-28949582<\/a>)\u00a0 or labeled as \u201cForeign Agents\u201d (Link: <a href=\"http:\/\/humanrightshouse.org\/Articles\/20398.html\">http:\/\/humanrightshouse.org\/Articles\/20398.html<\/a>)\n<p>In one recent article by a well known Russian expert Paul Goble draws attention to a statistical anomaly in three Russian regions, specifically Nizhny Novgorad, Voronezh and Krasnoyarsk. Goble points out that in just these three regions the number of recorded deaths in 2014 and 2015 compared to previous years suggests as many as 6,312 \u201cexcess\u201d deaths have occurred. (Link: : <a href=\"http:\/\/windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com\/2016\/12\/putins-wars-come-home-to-russia-despite.html\">http:\/\/windowoneurasia2.blogspot.com\/2016\/12\/putins-wars-come-home-to-russia-despite.html<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>That number of deaths is quite possible given the fact that extrapolating data on how many medals have been awarded to Russian service personnel during the period of the conflict in Ukraine indicates, according to this report (Link: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bellingcat.com\/news\/uk-and-europe\/2016\/08\/31\/russias-war-ukraine-medals-treacherous-numbers\/comment-page-2\/\">https:\/\/www.bellingcat.com\/news\/uk-and-europe\/2016\/08\/31\/russias-war-ukraine-medals-treacherous-numbers\/comment-page-2\/<\/a> ) that \u201cmost likely tens of thousands of Russian servicemen participated in or contributed to the war in Ukraine.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Prepared by Vitalii Rybak, Internews Ukraine, UkraineWorld group<\/em><\/p>\n<p>The author thanks Paul Niland, Janet Gunn, Natalya Gumeniuk, Nastya Stanko, Oleksandr Nikonorov, Oleksiy Matsuka, Alya Shandra, Volodymyr Yermolenko for help and consultations.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"mace-gallery-teaser\"\n\tid=\"mace-gallery-65411-1\"\n\tdata-g1-gallery-title=\"\"\n\tdata-g1-gallery=\"[{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:65413,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;1412764651_22&quot;,&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/uacrisis.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/01\\\/1412764651_22-150x150.jpg&quot;,&quot;3-2-thumbnail&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/uacrisis.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/01\\\/1412764651_22.jpg&quot;,&quot;full&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/uacrisis.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/01\\\/1412764651_22.jpg&quot;}]\"\n\tdata-g1-share-shortlink=\"https:\/\/uacrisis.org\/en\/51378-russian-involvement-donbas#mace-gallery-65411-1\"\n\t>\n\t<a class=\"mace-gallery-teaser-poster\">\n\t\t<img width=\"639\" height=\"409\" src=\"https:\/\/uacrisis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/1412764651_22.jpg\" class=\"attachment-bimber-grid-standard-2x size-bimber-grid-standard-2x\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uacrisis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/1412764651_22.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uacrisis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/1412764651_22-300x192.jpg 300w, https:\/\/uacrisis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/1412764651_22-768x492.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 639px) 100vw, 639px\" \/>\t\t<span class=\"mace-gallery-teaser-button\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"g1-epsilon g1-epsilon-1st mace-gallery-teaser-button-text\">View Gallery<\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"g1-meta mace-gallery-teaser-button-counter\">\n\t\t\t\t1 image\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/figure>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Despite Russia denials of their direct involvement into the secessionist &#8220;Donetsk People&#8217;s Republic&#8221; (DPR) and &#8220;Luhansk People&#8217;s Republic&#8221; (LPR), there is an increasing volume of evidence available that shows these denials to be simply false. Here are ten key things to know about Russian involvement in Ukraine\u2019s eastern territories. Some former \/ current\u00a0leaders of [&hellip;] <a class=\"g1-link g1-link-more\" href=\"https:\/\/uacrisis.org\/en\/51378-russian-involvement-donbas\">More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":65412,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[700,611,748],"tags":[6323,1746,1747,7596],"section":[743],"form":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Russian involvement in Ukraine\u2019s Donbas &quot;republics&quot;: 10 things you should know | UACRISIS.ORG<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"&nbsp; Despite Russia denials of their direct involvement into the secessionist &quot;Donetsk People&#039;s Republic&quot; (DPR) and &quot;Luhansk People&#039;s Republic&quot; (LPR), | Uacrisis.org\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/uacrisis.org\/en\/51378-russian-involvement-donbas\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Russian involvement in Ukraine\u2019s Donbas &quot;republics&quot;: 10 things you should know | UACRISIS.ORG\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"&nbsp; 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