{"id":56823,"date":"2016-07-12T16:42:10","date_gmt":"2016-07-12T16:42:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/uacrisis.org\/?p=45080"},"modified":"2016-07-16T14:21:13","modified_gmt":"2016-07-16T11:21:13","slug":"45080-usaid-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uacrisis.org\/fr\/45080-usaid-2","title":{"rendered":"Les \u00e9tudes d\u2019USAID : l\u2019espoir pour les petites et moyennes entreprises en Ukraine"},"content":{"rendered":"

WATCH IN ENGLISH<\/a><\/p>\n

La<\/em> situation<\/em> politique<\/em> et<\/em> \u00e9<\/em>conomique<\/em> instable, la guerre et la corruption limitent le d\u00e9veloppement des entreprises en Ukraine. Cependant, des \u00e9tudes r\u00e9centes ont montr\u00e9 que l\u2019espoir pour les petites et moyennes entreprises en Ukraine existe toujours. Les r\u00e9sultats de ces \u00e9tudes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 receuillis suite au sondage effectu\u00e9 par 1827 repr\u00e9sentants des entreprises de tous les secteurs de l\u2019\u00e9conomie partout en Ukraine, except\u00e9 les territoires occup\u00e9s. <\/em><\/p>\n

Les obstacles pour les entreprises <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

La corruption reste un obstacle important pour le business en Ukraine, mais elle ne figure qu\u2019\u00e0 la 7\u00e8me<\/sup> place sur la liste des obstacles, et seuls 55% des r\u00e9pondants ont d\u00e9clar\u00e9 qu\u2019il fallait donner des pots-de-vin pour \u00e9viter des inspections. \u00ab\u00a0En 2015, malgr\u00e9 le moratoire sur les inspections, une entreprise sur deux a \u00e9t\u00e9 inspect\u00e9e. Les institutions qui envoient des inspections le plus souvent sont l\u2019Inspection de la pr\u00e9vention des incendies et le Tr\u00e9sor public, leurs inspections sont les plus longues et les plus ch\u00e8res, en moyenne, il en co\u00fbte 31\u00a0000 UAH. Les entrepreneurs souffrent aussi de l\u2019instabilit\u00e9 de la l\u00e9gislation\u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Oxana Kouzyakiv, coordinatrice du programme USAID LEV et directrice de l\u2019Institut des \u00e9tudes \u00e9conomiques lors de la pr\u00e9sentation des \u00e9tudes \u00abL\u2019\u00e9valution d\u2019environnement d\u2019affaire\u00bb<\/a> \u00e0 l\u2019Ukraine Crisis M\u00e9dia Center.<\/p>\n

Il est int\u00e8ressant de noter que 86% des petites et moyennes entreprises consid\u00e8rent l\u2019\u00c9tat comme un \u00abennemi\u00bb ou \u00abobstacle\u00bb pour leurs activit\u00e9s, mais dans le m\u00eame temps 89% attendent de l\u2019aide de l\u2019\u00c9tat.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Les probl\u00e8mes d\u2019exportation<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

La plupart des entrepreneurs travaillent dans le domaine des services et du commerce, ainsi que dans l\u2019industrie. Il n\u2019y a que 9% qui exportent.<\/p>\n

Andriy Boutine, expert du programme USAID LEV a soulign\u00e9 que l\u2019impossibilit\u00e9 de pr\u00e9voir le d\u00e9lai de chaque proc\u00e9dure d\u2019exportation posait aussi des probl\u00e8mes aux entrepreneurs. \u00abLorsqu\u2019un entrepreneur arrive \u00e0 la douane, il ne peut pas pr\u00e9voir le temps que le d\u00e9douanement prendra, combien il co\u00fbtera etc. En moyen, il faut deux jours et 1727 UAH et 6,8% des exportateurs donnent des pots-de-vins\u00bb.\u00a0 Selon Andriy Boutine, 50% des entrepreneurs exportent leurs produits dans les pays post-sovi\u00e9tiques, dont un tiers en Russie et 49% en Europe, surtout en Allemagne et en Pologne.<\/p>\n

Les tendances positives modestes<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Selon Oxana Kouzyakiv, \u00a0l’indice de l\u2019environnement des affaires en Ukraine reste pour le moment au niveau \u00ab0,01\u00bb sur une \u00e9chelle de -1 \u00e0 +1. Parall\u00e8llement, les entrepreneurs sont plut\u00f4t confiants et 53% d\u2019eux pr\u00e9voient augmenter leurs activit\u00e9s dans les deux ann\u00e9es \u00e0 venir.<\/p>\n

En ce qui concerne les changements survenus durant ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, les enrepreneurs les \u00e9valuent comme des changements plut\u00f4t positifs. En 2015, les entrepreneurs \u00e9voquent plus souvent la diminution des nombres de difficult\u00e9s li\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019enregistrement et l\u2019am\u00e9lioration de la situation au sujet des inspections.<\/p>\n

\u00abOn a beaucoup progress\u00e9 dans le processus d\u2019enregistrement. Nous correspondons d\u00e9sormais \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9valuation de Doing Business et le milieu d\u2019affaires a tr\u00e8s bien ressenti ces changements. Le moratoire de deux ans pour les inspections a aussi donn\u00e9 des r\u00e9sultats positifs\u00bb, a soulign\u00e9 Oxana Kouzyakiv.<\/p>\n

\n\t\n\t\t\"\"\t\t\n\t\t\tView Gallery<\/span>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t2 images\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/figure>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

WATCH IN ENGLISH La situation politique et \u00e9conomique instable, la guerre et la corruption limitent le d\u00e9veloppement des entreprises en Ukraine. Cependant, des \u00e9tudes r\u00e9centes ont montr\u00e9 que l\u2019espoir pour les petites et moyennes entreprises en Ukraine existe toujours. Les r\u00e9sultats de ces \u00e9tudes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 receuillis suite au sondage effectu\u00e9 par 1827 repr\u00e9sentants des […] Plus<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":56824,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"video","meta":[],"categories":[5874],"tags":[],"section":[730],"form":[31959],"yoast_head":"\nLes \u00e9tudes d\u2019USAID : l\u2019espoir pour les petites et moyennes entreprises en Ukraine | UACRISIS.ORG<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=RBlC_O920RY WATCH IN ENGLISH La situation politique et \u00e9conomique instable, la guerre et la corruption limitent le | Uacrisis.org\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/uacrisis.org\/fr\/45080-usaid-2\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" 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